(Redirected from Mashantucket Pequot Indian Reservation)

Coordinates: 41°27′58″N71°58′28″W / 41.46611°N 71.97444°W

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Mashantucket Pequot Tribe
Total population
Enrolled members: 1,086
Regions with significant populations
United States, (Connecticut)
Languages
English, formerly Pequot
Religion
Christianity
Related ethnic groups
Mohegan and Eastern Pequot Tribal Nation

The Mashantucket Pequot Tribal Nation is a federally recognized American Indian tribe in the state of Connecticut. They are descended from the Pequot people, an Algonquian-language tribe that dominated the southern New England coastal areas, and they own and operate Foxwoods Resort Casino within their reservation in Ledyard, Connecticut. As of 2018, Foxwoods Resort Casino is one of the largest casinos in the world in terms of square footage, casino floor size, and number of slot machines, and it was one of the most economically successful in the United States until 2007,^[1] but it became deeply in debt by 2012 due to its expansion and changing conditions.^[2]^[3]

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The tribe was federally recognized in 1983 through the Mashantucket Pequot Land Claims Settlement Act. The federal land claims suit was brought by the tribe against the State of Connecticut and the Federal government, charging that the tribe had been illegally deprived of its land through state actions that were not ratified by the Senate. As part of the settlement of this suit, Congress gave federal recognition to the tribe, in addition to approving financial compensation so that the tribe could repurchase lost land. Tribal membership is based on proven lineal descent of 11 Pequot families whose ancestors were listed in the 1900 US Census.^[4]

The Mashantucket Pequot tribe is one of two federally recognized tribes in Connecticut, the other being the Mohegan Indian Tribe.

6History
12Further reading

Geography[edit]

The Mashantucket Pequot Indian Reservation is located in Ledyard, Connecticut in southeastern Connecticut's New London County near the Thames River. It is held in trust for the tribe by the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA). The Tribe also has about 3.47 acres (14,000 m²) of off-reservation land in the town of Preston, Connecticut.

Demographics and membership[edit]

The Mashantucket Pequot population was recorded at 320 in the 1990 census. By 2005, tribal membership had increased to 785. As a federally recognized tribe, the Mashantucket Pequots have the authority to determine their membership criteria. The tribe requires its members to be of proven lineal descent from 11 Mashantucket Pequot ancestors listed in the U.S. census of 1900 and 1910. In 1996, the tribe closed enrollment, with the exception of children born to currently enrolled tribal members.

The 2000 census showed a resident population of 325 persons living on reservation land, 227 of whom identified themselves as American Indian, while others identify themselves as having more than one ethnicity, including non-Pequot spouses. Since that time, the tribe expanded reservation housing, and members continue to relocate to the reservation as housing becomes available.

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Government[edit]

As of 2018, the Mashantucket Pequot Elders Council officers are: 1000 free games to play free. https://portlandrenew.amebaownd.com/posts/15529593.

Chair—Gary Carter, Sr.
Vice-Chair— Marjorie Colebut-Jackson
Secretary/Treasurer-Anthony Sebastian

The seven members of the Mashantucket Pequot Tribal Council are:

Chair—Rodney A. Butler
Vice-Chair—Crystal Whipple
Secretary—Matthew Pearson
Treasurer—Jean Swift
Councilor—Daniel Menihan
Councilor—Merrill Reels
Councilor—Latoya Cluff

The current administration's seven-member council has stated that the tribe's priorities are protecting tribal sovereignty, focusing on the educational, emotional, and physical well-being of members, and working to leverage the tribe's financial and economic strengths through partnership initiatives, both locally and abroad. Mashantucket Pequot's most recent efforts include investment in North Stonington, Connecticut. Development of the Lake of Isles golf course has proven to be a positive addition to the town's tax base.^[1]

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Council members are elected by popular vote of the tribal membership to three-year, staggered terms. There are roughly 500 eligible voting members of the tribe, which numbered 1086 in 2018. Tribal Members must be at least 18 years old and in good standing with the tribe to be eligible to vote.

Chairman[edit]

Richard Arthur Hayward, 1975 to 1998.
Kenneth M. Reels, 1998 to 2003.
Michael Thomas, 2003 to 2009.
Rodney Butler, 2010 to present.

Economy[edit]

The Mashantucket Pequots have operated one of the largest resort casinos in the world since 1992. The University of Connecticut analyzed the Foxwoods casino's effects on the Connecticut economy, and their report stated that it had a positive economic impact on the neighboring towns of Ledyard, Preston, and North Stonington, as well as the state of Connecticut, which has received more than $4 billion in slot revenue.^[5]

History[edit]

The Mashantucket Pequots are descendants of the historic Pequot tribe, an Algonquian-speaking people who dominated the coastal area from the Niantic River of Connecticut east to the Pawcatuck River which forms a border with Rhode Island, and south to Long Island Sound. A second descendant group is the Eastern Pequot Tribal Nation, which is not recognized by the Federal government.

During the colonial years, colonists recorded inter-tribal warfare, shifts in boundaries, and changes in power among the tribes. Scholars believe that the Pequots migrated from the upper Hudson River Valley into central and eastern Connecticut around 1500. William Hubbard wrote Narrative of the Troubles with the Indians in New-England in 1667 to explore the ferocity with which the Pequot tribe had attacked the colonists. He described them as invaders from 'the interior of the continent' who 'by force seized upon one of the places near the sea, and became a Terror to all their Neighbors.'^[6] Contemporary scholars suggest that archaeological, linguistic, and documentary evidence show that the Pequots were indigenous for centuries in the Connecticut Valley before the arrival of settlers.^[7]^[8]^[9]

By the time that Plymouth Colony and the Massachusetts Bay colony were being established, the Pequots had established military dominance among Indian tribes in central and eastern Connecticut. They numbered some 16,000 in the most densely inhabited portion of southern New England.^[10] The smallpox epidemic of 1616–19 killed roughly 90-percent of the Indians on the eastern coast o

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